Mozart – Barbara Froman

Melismas: Stretching an Idea

Posted on March 8, 2016March 24, 2016 by Barbara Froman

Oh, the million ways we adorn our writing. The urge to embellish is powerful, especially when it feels as though bare action is not enough, that subject and simple predicate fail the setting, emotion, reaction—the scene, the material as a whole. Writers want to do justice to the complexities in their work, and rely upon description for that. But when does description move from purposeful elegance to overwhelming kitsch? From enhancing dimension to breaking momentum? How do you know when your description is enough? How do you know when it’s excessive?

It really depends….

Do you remember this scene in Amadeus?

The aria which provoked this response, is “Martern Aller Arten” (Abduction from the Seraglio).

In vocal music, there’s a term for the lengthy ornamentation of a single word (think idea), or syllable (think detail): it is Melisma.

Note the four measures in the center of the page (second stave), on the middle syllable la of the word, verlache. Why so much ornamentation of a single syllable? The translation—I laugh—provides the answer. This four measure melisma is musical laughter. Is it a bit over the top? Yes. Does it overwhelm the music? A tad. Does it interrupt momentum, though? No. Mozart took great care to balance the vocalist’s laughter with echoes of them in the accompaniment. More importantly, he used these musical excesses to give the listener critical information about the character singing them, and the way the action is going to progress.

In prose, it’s helpful to think of embellishment in similar terms. What is the context? What is the purpose within that context? What is the pace of the scene? Where and how does that pace fit within the overall pace of the work? A leisurely pace allows for more detail—the shape and size of a button, the yellowing lace on a collar; a faster pace, closer to a climax, allows for less. Ultimately, descriptions should be as functional and balanced as Mozart’s melismas.

Still, no matter how careful you are, how perfectly you balance your embellishments, there will always be a reader who finds them excessive, no matter how exquisite, grotesque, frightening, suspenseful, and utterly functional and necessary they are.

That’s the risk of using many notes.

But the result may be worth it.

Music and Prose

Music and Prose: Just Passing Through….

Posted on February 25, 2016March 24, 2016 by Barbara Froman

Lately, I’ve been noticing details, small things—pinprick brushstrokes, over-and-undertones in color. Look closely, focus on one confined area, and you can see them. Observe from a distance and they blend, form a single image, or hue. In cooking, spices behave the same way. If you hold a spoonful of a complex dish on your tongue and concentrate, savor it, you will recognize the underlying essences. On their own, each spice has a distinct flavor, but in the act of combining with other spices and ingredients, they become traces of themselves, they transform. And, they transform the whole.

Small things. In prose and music, too.

Consider this passage, the little words in service to the idea:

How, in a houseful of shadows, should he know his own Shadow? How, in a houseful of noises, distinguish the summons he felt to be at hand? (From “The Beckoning Fair One” by Oliver Onions)

“In”-“a”-“own”-“to”-“be”. Each article has a life, a character. But set within the sentences, they smooth the transition from one word to another, shape phrases, clarify purpose.

In music, “Passing tones” perform this function.

In the example below, from a Mozart piano sonata, passing tones are marked by parentheses. In some measures, particularly #s 3 and 7, there are many of them. And yet, when you listen to the excerpt, rather than passing tones, you’ll hear line, movement, progress. Listen to the sonata in its entirety, and you’ll hear the whole.

When you observe your writing closely, which little words shape your sentences into lines? Which little words give it movement? Progress? When you stand back, what makes it whole?